Zoology & Human Biology focuses on the structure, function, development, and regulation of animal and human biological systems . This subject forms a major component of Class 11–12 Biology , NEET , and undergraduate life science courses , linking basic biological principles with human health and physiology.
In this section, you will study:
Structural organization in animals
Animal tissues and organ systems
Human anatomy and physiology
Digestion, respiration, circulation, and excretion
Neural and hormonal coordination
Human reproduction and development
Health, disease, and homeostasis
NCERT-aligned explanations, diagrams, MCQs, and exam-oriented questions
The content is structured to build conceptual clarity , improve functional understanding , and prepare students for school examinations, NEET, and undergraduate assessments .
Develop a strong foundation in zoology and human biology to understand animal life processes and human physiological systems with scientific accuracy and exam readiness.
Q. Which structure in the respiratory system is primarily responsible for gas exchange?
A.
Bronchi
B.
Alveoli
C.
Trachea
D.
Larynx
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Solution
Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the air and blood.
Correct Answer:
B
— Alveoli
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Q. Which structure in the respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange?
A.
Bronchi
B.
Alveoli
C.
Trachea
D.
Larynx
Show solution
Solution
The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs, allowing oxygen to enter the blood and carbon dioxide to be expelled.
Correct Answer:
B
— Alveoli
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Q. Which structure in the respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of gases?
A.
Trachea
B.
Bronchi
C.
Alveoli
D.
Lungs
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Solution
The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs.
Correct Answer:
C
— Alveoli
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Q. Which structure is primarily responsible for the production of hormones in the human body?
A.
Liver
B.
Pancreas
C.
Endocrine glands
D.
Kidneys
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Solution
Endocrine glands are primarily responsible for the production and secretion of hormones in the human body.
Correct Answer:
C
— Endocrine glands
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Q. Which structure is responsible for the exchange of gases and nutrients between the mother and fetus?
A.
Umbilical cord
B.
Amniotic sac
C.
Placenta
D.
Chorion
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Solution
The placenta facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste between the mother and fetus.
Correct Answer:
C
— Placenta
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Q. Which structure is responsible for the exchange of gases in the lungs?
A.
Bronchi
B.
Alveoli
C.
Trachea
D.
Diaphragm
Show solution
Solution
The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs.
Correct Answer:
B
— Alveoli
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Q. Which structure is responsible for the production of sperm in males?
A.
Seminal vesicles
B.
Prostate gland
C.
Testes
D.
Epididymis
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Solution
The testes are the male reproductive organs responsible for the production of sperm.
Correct Answer:
C
— Testes
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Q. Which structure is responsible for the production of sperm?
A.
Seminal vesicle
B.
Testes
C.
Prostate gland
D.
Epididymis
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Solution
The testes are the male reproductive organs responsible for producing sperm.
Correct Answer:
B
— Testes
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Q. Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
A.
Epiglottis
B.
Uvula
C.
Pharynx
D.
Larynx
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Solution
The epiglottis is a flap that covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway.
Correct Answer:
A
— Epiglottis
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Q. Which structure prevents the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle?
A.
Tricuspid valve
B.
Pulmonary valve
C.
Aortic valve
D.
Mitral valve
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Solution
The aortic valve prevents the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle after contraction.
Correct Answer:
C
— Aortic valve
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Q. Which type of animal is known for undergoing metamorphosis?
A.
Fish
B.
Mammals
C.
Amphibians
D.
Reptiles
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Solution
Amphibians are known for undergoing metamorphosis, transitioning from a larval stage to an adult form.
Correct Answer:
C
— Amphibians
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Q. Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
A.
Veins
B.
Capillaries
C.
Arteries
D.
Venules
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Solution
Arteries are the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
Correct Answer:
C
— Arteries
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Q. Which type of blood vessel carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart?
A.
Veins
B.
Capillaries
C.
Arteries
D.
Venules
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Solution
Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the tissues of the body.
Correct Answer:
C
— Arteries
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Q. Which type of epithelium lines the alveoli?
A.
Stratified squamous epithelium
B.
Simple cuboidal epithelium
C.
Simple squamous epithelium
D.
Ciliated columnar epithelium
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Solution
The alveoli are lined with simple squamous epithelium, allowing for efficient gas exchange due to its thin structure.
Correct Answer:
C
— Simple squamous epithelium
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Q. Which type of reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes?
A.
Asexual reproduction
B.
Binary fission
C.
Sexual reproduction
D.
Budding
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Solution
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes, leading to genetic diversity in offspring.
Correct Answer:
C
— Sexual reproduction
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Q. Which type of symmetry is exhibited by most animals in the phylum Chordata?
A.
Radial symmetry
B.
Bilateral symmetry
C.
Asymmetry
D.
Spherical symmetry
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Solution
Most animals in the phylum Chordata exhibit bilateral symmetry, meaning their body can be divided into two mirror-image halves.
Correct Answer:
B
— Bilateral symmetry
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Q. Which vitamin is primarily absorbed in the large intestine?
A.
Vitamin A
B.
Vitamin B12
C.
Vitamin K
D.
Vitamin C
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Solution
Vitamin K is primarily absorbed in the large intestine, where it is produced by gut bacteria.
Correct Answer:
C
— Vitamin K
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