Human Health and Disease focuses on understanding the factors that affect human health, the causes of diseases, and the body’s defense mechanisms. This category is designed for school students (Classes 9–12) , NEET aspirants , and undergraduate learners , with strong emphasis on NCERT concepts and exam relevance.
In this section, you will study:
Concepts of health and disease
Common infectious and non-infectious diseases and their causes
Pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and helminths
Immunity, immune system, and vaccination
Allergies, autoimmune disorders, and cancer
Drug and alcohol abuse and their effects
NCERT-based explanations, diagrams, MCQs, and exam-oriented questions
The content is structured to build clear understanding of health-related concepts , improve application-based answers , and help students score well in school examinations, NEET, and undergraduate assessments .
Develop a strong foundation in human health and disease to better understand the science behind illness, prevention, and immunity.
Q. What role do terpenes play in plant health?
A.
Photosynthesis
B.
Attracting pollinators
C.
Water absorption
D.
Nutrient storage
Show solution
Solution
Terpenes attract pollinators and can deter herbivores, aiding in plant reproduction.
Correct Answer:
B
— Attracting pollinators
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Q. What type of plant is commonly used in traditional medicine for its antimicrobial properties?
A.
Cacti
B.
Herbs
C.
Ferns
D.
Mosses
Show solution
Solution
Herbs, such as garlic and oregano, are well-known for their antimicrobial properties.
Correct Answer:
B
— Herbs
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Q. What type of plant is commonly used in traditional medicine to alleviate stress and anxiety?
A.
Cacti
B.
Succulents
C.
Adaptogens
D.
Ferns
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Solution
Adaptogens, such as ashwagandha and rhodiola, are used to help the body manage stress.
Correct Answer:
C
— Adaptogens
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Q. What type of plant is commonly used in traditional medicine to boost the immune system?
A.
Herbs
B.
Ferns
C.
Mosses
D.
Cacti
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Solution
Herbs, such as echinacea, are often used to enhance immune function.
Correct Answer:
A
— Herbs
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Q. What type of plant is commonly used in traditional medicine to lower blood sugar levels?
A.
Cinnamon
B.
Mint
C.
Rosemary
D.
Thyme
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Solution
Cinnamon has been shown to help lower blood sugar levels in various studies.
Correct Answer:
A
— Cinnamon
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Q. What type of plant is commonly used to produce insulin for diabetes treatment?
A.
Cacti
B.
Algae
C.
Bacteria
D.
Yeast
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Solution
While not a plant, insulin is often produced using genetically modified bacteria or yeast.
Correct Answer:
B
— Algae
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Q. What type of plant is known for producing compounds that can inhibit cancer cell growth?
A.
Cacti
B.
Medicinal herbs
C.
Ornamental plants
D.
Aquatic plants
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Solution
Medicinal herbs often contain bioactive compounds that can inhibit cancer cell growth.
Correct Answer:
B
— Medicinal herbs
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Q. What type of plant secondary metabolite is often used in cancer treatment?
A.
Alkaloids
B.
Terpenes
C.
Phenolics
D.
Glycosides
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Solution
Alkaloids, such as those found in the periwinkle plant, are used in chemotherapy.
Correct Answer:
A
— Alkaloids
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Q. Which essential oil, derived from a plant, is known for its antimicrobial properties?
A.
Lavender
B.
Peppermint
C.
Tea Tree
D.
Rosemary
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Solution
Tea Tree oil is well-known for its strong antimicrobial properties.
Correct Answer:
C
— Tea Tree
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Q. Which part of the plant is often used to extract essential oils that have antimicrobial properties?
A.
Roots
B.
Leaves
C.
Flowers
D.
Seeds
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Solution
Leaves are commonly used to extract essential oils known for their antimicrobial properties.
Correct Answer:
B
— Leaves
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Q. Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for the absorption of water and nutrients?
A.
Stem
B.
Leaf
C.
Root
D.
Flower
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Solution
The root system is responsible for the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil.
Correct Answer:
C
— Root
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Q. Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for the production of medicinal alkaloids?
A.
Roots
B.
Leaves
C.
Flowers
D.
Bark
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Solution
Leaves are often the primary site for the synthesis of many medicinal alkaloids.
Correct Answer:
B
— Leaves
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Q. Which phytochemical found in cruciferous vegetables is linked to cancer prevention?
A.
Glucosinolates
B.
Carotenoids
C.
Polyphenols
D.
Terpenes
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Solution
Glucosinolates, found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, are associated with cancer prevention.
Correct Answer:
A
— Glucosinolates
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Q. Which phytochemical is known for its potential anti-cancer properties and is found in cruciferous vegetables?
A.
Glucosinolates
B.
Carotenoids
C.
Polyphenols
D.
Flavonoids
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Solution
Glucosinolates, found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, have been studied for their anti-cancer effects.
Correct Answer:
A
— Glucosinolates
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Q. Which phytochemical is known for its potential anti-cancer properties?
A.
Resveratrol
B.
Chlorophyll
C.
Starch
D.
Cellulose
Show solution
Solution
Resveratrol, found in grapes and berries, has been studied for its anti-cancer effects.
Correct Answer:
A
— Resveratrol
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Q. Which phytochemical is known for its role in cancer prevention?
A.
Carotenoids
B.
Starch
C.
Proteins
D.
Lipids
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Solution
Carotenoids, found in colorful fruits and vegetables, are linked to cancer prevention.
Correct Answer:
A
— Carotenoids
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Q. Which phytochemical is responsible for the anti-cancer properties of cruciferous vegetables?
A.
Glucosinolates
B.
Alkaloids
C.
Terpenes
D.
Saponins
Show solution
Solution
Glucosinolates found in cruciferous vegetables are linked to cancer prevention.
Correct Answer:
A
— Glucosinolates
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Q. Which phytochemical is responsible for the color of many fruits and vegetables and has health benefits?
A.
Chlorophyll
B.
Carotenoids
C.
Starch
D.
Cellulose
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Solution
Carotenoids are responsible for the vibrant colors in fruits and vegetables and have antioxidant properties.
Correct Answer:
B
— Carotenoids
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Q. Which phytochemical is responsible for the red color in tomatoes and has health benefits?
A.
Lycopene
B.
Carotene
C.
Chlorophyll
D.
Flavonoids
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Solution
Lycopene is the phytochemical that gives tomatoes their red color and is linked to various health benefits.
Correct Answer:
A
— Lycopene
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Q. Which plant compound is known for its anti-inflammatory properties and is often used in herbal medicine?
A.
Curcumin
B.
Caffeine
C.
Chlorophyll
D.
Tannins
Show solution
Solution
Curcumin, found in turmeric, is well-known for its anti-inflammatory effects.
Correct Answer:
A
— Curcumin
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Q. Which plant hormone is primarily involved in regulating plant responses to stress, which can also affect human health?
A.
Auxin
B.
Gibberellin
C.
Ethylene
D.
Abscisic acid
Show solution
Solution
Abscisic acid helps plants respond to stress, and its effects can influence human health indirectly.
Correct Answer:
D
— Abscisic acid
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Q. Which plant hormone is primarily involved in the regulation of fruit ripening?
A.
Auxin
B.
Gibberellin
C.
Ethylene
D.
Cytokinin
Show solution
Solution
Ethylene is the plant hormone that regulates the process of fruit ripening.
Correct Answer:
C
— Ethylene
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Q. Which plant is a common source of omega-3 fatty acids beneficial for heart health?
A.
Flaxseed
B.
Corn
C.
Wheat
D.
Rice
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Solution
Flaxseed is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, which are known to support heart health.
Correct Answer:
A
— Flaxseed
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Q. Which plant is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids beneficial for heart health?
A.
Flaxseed
B.
Wheat
C.
Rice
D.
Corn
Show solution
Solution
Flaxseed is an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids.
Correct Answer:
A
— Flaxseed
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Q. Which plant is a source of the anti-cancer compound paclitaxel?
A.
Yew tree
B.
Oak tree
C.
Maple tree
D.
Pine tree
Show solution
Solution
Paclitaxel, an anti-cancer drug, is derived from the bark of the yew tree.
Correct Answer:
A
— Yew tree
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Q. Which plant is commonly associated with lowering blood sugar levels in diabetic patients?
A.
Aloe Vera
B.
Ginseng
C.
Bitter Melon
D.
Lavender
Show solution
Solution
Bitter Melon has been shown to have properties that can help lower blood sugar levels in diabetic patients.
Correct Answer:
C
— Bitter Melon
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Q. Which plant is commonly associated with lowering cholesterol levels?
A.
Garlic
B.
Ginger
C.
Mint
D.
Basil
Show solution
Solution
Garlic has been shown to help lower cholesterol levels in various studies.
Correct Answer:
A
— Garlic
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Q. Which plant is commonly associated with reducing anxiety and improving sleep quality?
A.
Lavender
B.
Bamboo
C.
Cactus
D.
Fern
Show solution
Solution
Lavender is well-known for its calming effects and is often used in aromatherapy.
Correct Answer:
A
— Lavender
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Q. Which plant is commonly used to alleviate symptoms of anxiety and stress?
A.
Lavender
B.
Cactus
C.
Fern
D.
Moss
Show solution
Solution
Lavender is well-known for its calming effects and is often used in aromatherapy.
Correct Answer:
A
— Lavender
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Q. Which plant is commonly used to treat digestive issues and is known for its soothing properties?
A.
Aloe Vera
B.
Mint
C.
Basil
D.
Rosemary
Show solution
Solution
Aloe Vera is widely recognized for its soothing effects on the digestive system.
Correct Answer:
A
— Aloe Vera
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