siRNA (small interfering RNA) plays a crucial role in RNA interference, regulating gene expression by degrading mRNA.

RNA contains uracil instead of thymine, which is found in DNA.

Thymine is not found in RNA; it is replaced by uracil.

Taq polymerase is a heat-stable enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands during the PCR process.

Taq polymerase is a heat-stable enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands during the PCR process.

Taq polymerase is a heat-stable enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands during the PCR process.

RNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes RNA by transcribing the DNA template during transcription.

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is the technique used to amplify specific DNA sequences, making millions of copies of a target DNA segment.

Gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA fragments based on their size, allowing for analysis and comparison.

A nonsense mutation can result in a premature stop codon, leading to truncated proteins.

A missense mutation is a type of mutation that results in the substitution of one amino acid for another in a protein.

Uracil is a nitrogenous base found in RNA, replacing thymine which is present in DNA.

RNA contains uracil instead of thymine, which is found in DNA.

A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are added or removed from the DNA sequence, shifting the reading frame and altering the resulting protein.

A test cross involves crossing an individual with an unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual to determine the genotype of the former.

Translation is the process where the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is translated into a sequence of amino acids, forming a protein.

A mutation is defined as a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to alterations in gene function.

A phenotype refers to the observable characteristics or traits of an organism, which result from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

DNA is structured as a double-stranded helix, with two strands running antiparallel.

A recessive trait is expressed only in homozygous individuals, meaning both alleles must be recessive.

In autosomal dominant inheritance, both males and females are equally affected, and the trait does not skip generations.

DNA is characterized by its double helix structure, consisting of two strands wound around each other.

Mendelian inheritance is characterized by the independent segregation of traits, as described in Mendel's laws.

Recessive alleles are only expressed in the phenotype when in a homozygous condition (two copies of the recessive allele).

RNA is typically single-stranded, while DNA is double-stranded.

RNA is typically single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

The double helix structure of DNA features two antiparallel strands that are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases.

Cloning is used in various applications, including gene therapy, DNA sequencing, and protein purification.

PCR is widely used in forensic analysis to amplify DNA from crime scene samples for identification.

RNA contains uracil instead of thymine, which is found in DNA.