The aorta carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.

The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the superior and inferior vena cavae.

The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.

Mammals have a closed circulatory system, where blood is contained within vessels.

Platelets are the component of blood primarily responsible for clotting.

Red blood cells are primarily responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body.

Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen and transports it throughout the body.

Asthma is a condition characterized by inflammation of the airways, causing difficulty in breathing.

Bronchitis is characterized by the inflammation of the airways, leading to coughing and difficulty breathing.

Bronchitis is the inflammation of the bronchi, often caused by infection or irritants.

Gastritis is the inflammation of the stomach lining, often causing pain and discomfort.

Salivary amylase is the enzyme that begins the digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth.

Amylase is the enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates into simpler sugars.

Amylase is the enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates into simpler sugars.

Salivary amylase is the enzyme that begins the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth.

Amylase is the enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates into simpler sugars.

The body primarily monitors carbon dioxide levels to regulate breathing rate, as high levels indicate the need for increased respiration.

Carbon dioxide levels in the blood primarily stimulate the respiratory center in the brain to regulate breathing.

Carbon dioxide levels in the blood are the primary stimulus for the respiratory center to increase breathing rate.

Hemoglobin in red blood cells primarily transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissues.

Down syndrome is commonly screened for during pregnancy through various tests, including blood tests and ultrasounds.

Vertebrates are the group of animals that possess a backbone, distinguishing them from invertebrates.

Amphibians typically have a three-chambered heart, which consists of two atria and one ventricle.

Reptiles are known for laying eggs with hard shells, which provide protection to the developing embryo.

Oxytocin is the hormone that stimulates uterine contractions, leading to labor.

Progesterone is crucial for maintaining the uterine lining and supporting early pregnancy.

Insulin is the hormone that regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells.

Estrogen plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle, particularly in the follicular phase.

Gastrin is the hormone that stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, aiding in digestion.

The diaphragm contracts and moves downward during inhalation, increasing the thoracic cavity volume.