Q. What was the primary aim of the 'Non-Aligned Movement' established during the Cold War? (1961)
A.
To promote military alliances with superpowers.
B.
To advocate for economic cooperation among developing countries.
C.
To maintain independence from both Western and Eastern blocs.
D.
To support the spread of communism worldwide.
Solution
The Non-Aligned Movement aimed to maintain independence from both the Western and Eastern blocs during the Cold War, promoting peace and cooperation among developing nations.
Correct Answer:
C
— To maintain independence from both Western and Eastern blocs.
Q. What was the primary focus of healthcare during the medieval period in Europe?
A.
Preventive care
B.
Religious healing
C.
Surgical advancements
D.
Public health policies
Solution
During the medieval period, healthcare was largely influenced by religion, with monasteries serving as centers for healing and care, often relying on prayer and herbal remedies.
Q. What was the primary objective of the 'Salt March' led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930? (1930)
A.
To promote the use of khadi.
B.
To protest against the British salt tax.
C.
To demand complete independence from British rule.
D.
To unite Hindus and Muslims against colonial rule.
Solution
The Salt March was a nonviolent protest against the British salt tax, symbolizing the broader struggle for Indian independence and mobilizing mass support for the cause.
Correct Answer:
B
— To protest against the British salt tax.
Q. Which ancient civilization is known for its advanced medical practices and surgical techniques, including the use of herbal remedies? (1900)
A.
Ancient Egypt
B.
Indus Valley Civilization
C.
Ancient Greece
D.
Ancient China
Solution
The Indus Valley Civilization (c. 2500-1900 BCE) had advanced urban planning and evidence of medical practices, including surgery and the use of medicinal plants.
Q. Which ancient text is considered one of the earliest comprehensive medical texts, detailing surgical techniques and medicinal plants?
A.
The Ebers Papyrus
B.
The Sushruta Samhita
C.
The Canon of Medicine
D.
The Hippocratic Corpus
Solution
The Sushruta Samhita, written in ancient India, is one of the earliest texts on surgery and medicine, detailing various surgical techniques and medicinal plants.
Q. Which government policy was aimed at promoting the use of Hindi as a national language in India post-independence? (1963)
A.
The Official Languages Act
B.
The Education Policy of 1968
C.
The National Policy on Education
D.
The Language Policy of 1956
Solution
The Official Languages Act of 1963 aimed to promote Hindi as the official language of the Union, while also allowing the use of English for official purposes.
Q. Which ideology was primarily responsible for the decolonization movements in Africa and Asia post-World War II? (1945)
A.
Fascism
B.
Communism
C.
Nationalism
D.
Imperialism
Solution
Nationalism was the driving ideology behind the decolonization movements in Africa and Asia after World War II, as colonized nations sought self-determination and independence.
Q. Which international organization has played a significant role in promoting the establishment and functioning of NGOs globally? (1990)
A.
World Trade Organization (WTO)
B.
United Nations (UN)
C.
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
D.
World Health Organization (WHO)
Solution
The United Nations (UN) has played a significant role in promoting the establishment and functioning of NGOs globally, particularly in areas of human rights and development.
Q. Which of the following acts introduced the system of dyarchy in the provinces of British India? (1919)
A.
Government of India Act 1919
B.
Government of India Act 1935
C.
Indian Councils Act 1909
D.
Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
Solution
The Government of India Act 1919 introduced the system of dyarchy, allowing for a division of responsibilities between elected Indian ministers and British officials.
Q. Which of the following agreements aimed to resolve the border disputes between India and China? (1954)
A.
Simla Agreement
B.
Panchsheel Agreement
C.
Indo-China Treaty
D.
Lhasa Agreement
Solution
The Panchsheel Agreement, signed in 1954, aimed to establish peaceful coexistence and resolve border disputes between India and China, although it was later challenged by subsequent conflicts.
Q. Which of the following ancient texts provides insights into the cultural exchanges between India and its neighboring regions?
A.
Rigveda
B.
Mahabharata
C.
Arthashastra
D.
Puranas
Solution
The Mahabharata, while primarily a narrative epic, contains numerous references to the interactions and cultural exchanges between ancient India and its neighboring regions, including Persia and Central Asia.
Q. Which of the following best describes the impact of the Industrial Revolution on political thought?
A.
It reinforced the idea of absolute monarchy.
B.
It led to the rise of socialism and labor movements.
C.
It diminished the importance of individual rights.
D.
It had no significant impact on political thought.
Solution
The Industrial Revolution significantly impacted political thought by leading to the rise of socialism and labor movements, as workers sought rights and better conditions in response to industrialization.
Correct Answer:
B
— It led to the rise of socialism and labor movements.
Q. Which of the following best describes the significance of the Renaissance in Europe?
A.
It marked the end of feudalism.
B.
It led to the rise of absolute monarchies.
C.
It fostered a revival of classical learning and humanism.
D.
It initiated the Industrial Revolution.
Solution
The Renaissance (14th to 17th century) was significant for its revival of classical learning, art, and humanism, which laid the intellectual foundations for the modern age.
Correct Answer:
C
— It fostered a revival of classical learning and humanism.
Q. Which of the following documents is considered the first written constitution in the world?
A.
The Magna Carta.
B.
The U.S. Constitution.
C.
The Constitution of Athens.
D.
The Articles of Confederation.
Solution
The Constitution of Athens, attributed to Cleisthenes, is often considered the first written constitution in the world, establishing a framework for governance in ancient Athens.
Q. Which of the following events directly led to the American Civil War?
A.
The signing of the Declaration of Independence
B.
The Dred Scott decision
C.
The Louisiana Purchase
D.
The Emancipation Proclamation
Solution
The Dred Scott decision in 1857 heightened tensions between the North and South over slavery, contributing directly to the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861.