Problems on Numbers for Competitive Exam Preparation

Problems on Numbers

Q. A man bought a bicycle for $120 and sold it for $150. What is the profit percentage?

A. 20%
B. 25%
C. 30%
D. 15%

Solution

Profit = Selling Price - Cost Price = 150 - 120 = 30. Profit Percentage = (Profit/Cost Price) * 100 = (30/120) * 100 = 25%.

Correct Answer: B — 25%

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Q. A man buys a bicycle for $300 and sells it for $360. What is his profit percentage?

A. 15%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 30%

Solution

Profit = Selling Price - Cost Price = 360 - 300 = $60. Profit Percentage = (Profit / Cost Price) * 100 = (60 / 300) * 100 = 20%.

Correct Answer: B — 20%

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Q. A man can complete a work in 10 days. If he works for 6 days, what fraction of the work is left?

A. 1/5
B. 1/3
C. 2/5
D. 1/2

Solution

Work done in 6 days = 6/10 = 3/5. Work left = 1 - 3/5 = 2/5.

Correct Answer: C — 2/5

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Q. A man can do a piece of work in 12 days. If he works for 4 days, what part of the work is completed?

A. 1/3
B. 1/4
C. 1/2
D. 1/6

Solution

Work done in 4 days = 4/12 = 1/3 of the work.

Correct Answer: A — 1/3

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Q. A person bought a bicycle for $120 and sold it for $90. What is the percentage loss?

A. 25%
B. 20%
C. 30%
D. 15%

Solution

Loss = Cost Price - Selling Price = 120 - 90 = 30. Percentage Loss = (Loss/Cost Price) * 100 = (30/120) * 100 = 25%.

Correct Answer: A — 25%

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Q. A person bought a bicycle for $300 and sold it for $360. What is the percentage profit?

A. 20%
B. 25%
C. 30%
D. 15%

Solution

Profit = Selling Price - Cost Price = 360 - 300 = $60. Percentage profit = (Profit / Cost Price) × 100 = (60 / 300) × 100 = 20%.

Correct Answer: B — 25%

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Q. A person bought a watch for $240 and sold it for $300. What is the profit percentage?

A. 25%
B. 20%
C. 15%
D. 30%

Solution

Profit = Selling price - Cost price = 300 - 240 = $60. Profit percentage = (Profit / Cost price) × 100 = (60 / 240) × 100 = 25%.

Correct Answer: A — 25%

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Q. A person has a total of $5000 in two accounts. If the first account earns 4% interest and the second earns 6%, how much is in the first account if the total interest earned in one year is $240?

A. $2000
B. $3000
C. $2500
D. $1500

Solution

Let the amount in the first account be x. Then, amount in the second account = 5000 - x. Interest from first account = 0.04x, from second = 0.06(5000 - x). Total interest = 0.04x + 0.06(5000 - x) = 240. Solving gives x = $2500.

Correct Answer: C — $2500

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Q. A person has a total of 50 coins consisting of 10 and 25 cent coins. If the total value is $8.50, how many 25 cent coins does he have?

A. 20
B. 30
C. 25
D. 15

Solution

Let the number of 10 cent coins be x and 25 cent coins be y. Then, x + y = 50 and 0.10x + 0.25y = 8.50. Solving these gives y = 30.

Correct Answer: B — 30

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Q. A product is sold for $240 after a discount of 20%. What was the marked price?

A. $300
B. $280
C. $250
D. $320

Solution

Let the marked price be x. Then, selling price = x - 20% of x = 0.8x. Given selling price = $240, we have 0.8x = 240. Therefore, x = 240 / 0.8 = $300.

Correct Answer: A — $300

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Q. A student scored 80% in Mathematics and 70% in Science. If the weightage of Mathematics is 60% and Science is 40%, what is the overall percentage?

A. 76%
B. 78%
C. 80%
D. 74%

Solution

Overall percentage = (80% × 0.6) + (70% × 0.4) = 48% + 28% = 76%.

Correct Answer: B — 78%

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Q. If 5 apples cost $10, how much do 8 apples cost?

A. $12
B. $15
C. $16
D. $14

Solution

Cost of 1 apple = $10 / 5 = $2. Therefore, cost of 8 apples = 8 × $2 = $16.

Correct Answer: C — $16

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Q. If 5 workers can complete a task in 20 days, how many days will it take for 10 workers to complete the same task?

A. 10 days
B. 15 days
C. 20 days
D. 25 days

Solution

Work done is inversely proportional to the number of workers. If 5 workers take 20 days, then 10 workers will take 20/2 = 10 days.

Correct Answer: A — 10 days

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Q. If a person invests $1000 at a rate of 5% per annum simple interest, how much interest will he earn in 3 years?

A. $150
B. $100
C. $50
D. $75

Solution

Simple Interest = Principal * Rate * Time = 1000 * 5/100 * 3 = $150.

Correct Answer: B — $100

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Q. If a person scores 80% in an exam and the passing percentage is 50%, how much more percentage does he need to increase his score to reach 90%?

A. 5%
B. 10%
C. 15%
D. 20%

Solution

To increase from 80% to 90%, he needs an increase of 90% - 80% = 10%.

Correct Answer: B — 10%

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Q. If a person scores 80% in an exam and the passing percentage is 50%, what is the percentage of marks above the passing percentage?

A. 30%
B. 20%
C. 40%
D. 10%

Solution

Percentage above passing = 80% - 50% = 30%.

Correct Answer: A — 30%

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Q. If a product is sold for $150 after a discount of 25%, what was the marked price?

A. $200
B. $180
C. $160
D. $220

Solution

Let the marked price be x. Then, selling price = x - 25% of x = 0.75x. Given selling price = $150, we have 0.75x = 150, x = 150 / 0.75 = $200.

Correct Answer: A — $200

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Q. If a product is sold for $300 after a discount of 20%, what was the original price?

A. $360
B. $320
C. $300
D. $280

Solution

Let the original price be x. Then, x - 0.2x = 300 => 0.8x = 300 => x = 300 / 0.8 = 360.

Correct Answer: A — $360

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Q. If a train travels 150 km in 3 hours, what is its average speed?

A. 50 km/h
B. 60 km/h
C. 70 km/h
D. 75 km/h

Solution

Average Speed = Total Distance / Total Time = 150 km / 3 h = 50 km/h.

Correct Answer: B — 60 km/h

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Q. If the ratio of boys to girls in a class is 2:3 and there are 30 students in total, how many boys are there?

A. 12
B. 18
C. 15
D. 10

Solution

Let the number of boys be 2x and girls be 3x. Then, 2x + 3x = 30, which gives 5x = 30. Therefore, x = 6. Number of boys = 2x = 2 * 6 = 12.

Correct Answer: A — 12

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Problems on Numbers

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