Basics of Immune Response explains how the body recognizes, responds to, and eliminates foreign substances and pathogens. This topic introduces the fundamental mechanisms of immunity, forming the foundation for understanding disease resistance, vaccination, and immune-related disorders. It is designed for Class 11–12 students, NEET aspirants, and undergraduate learners.
In this section, you will study:
Concept of immunity and types of immune responses
Innate and adaptive immunity
Cells involved in immune response
Antigens and antibodies
Primary and secondary immune responses
Role of lymphoid organs
Basic mechanisms of humoral and cell-mediated immunity
NCERT-based explanations, diagrams, MCQs, and exam-oriented questions
The content is structured to build strong conceptual foundations, improve mechanism-based understanding, and help students perform confidently in school examinations, NEET, and undergraduate assessments.
Develop a clear understanding of immune response mechanisms to master immunology fundamentals and disease defense strategies.
Q. What is the function of memory cells in the immune system?
A.
To produce immediate immune responses
B.
To remember past infections and respond quickly upon re-exposure
C.
To activate macrophages
D.
To secrete cytokines
Solution
Memory cells are long-lived cells that remember past infections and enable a faster and more effective response upon re-exposure to the same pathogen.
Correct Answer:
B
— To remember past infections and respond quickly upon re-exposure
Q. Which of the following is NOT a component of the innate immune system?
A.
Macrophages
B.
Natural killer cells
C.
Antibodies
D.
Complement proteins
Solution
Antibodies are part of the adaptive immune system, while macrophages, natural killer cells, and complement proteins are components of the innate immune system.
