Q. A certain enzyme has a specific activity of 50 units/mg. If you have 2 mg of this enzyme, what is the total activity?
A.
50 units
B.
100 units
C.
150 units
D.
200 units
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Solution
Total activity = specific activity × amount of enzyme = 50 units/mg × 2 mg = 100 units.
Correct Answer:
B
— 100 units
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Q. If a biotechnologist has 200 mg of a plasmid DNA and needs to prepare a 1:10 dilution, how much diluent should be added?
A.
180 mg
B.
200 mg
C.
1800 mg
D.
2000 mg
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Solution
To prepare a 1:10 dilution, you need to add 1800 mg of diluent to 200 mg of plasmid DNA.
Correct Answer:
C
— 1800 mg
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Q. If a biotechnologist needs to culture cells in a 100 mL medium and the cell density is 1 x 10^6 cells/mL, how many cells are in the culture?
A.
1 x 10^5
B.
1 x 10^6
C.
1 x 10^7
D.
1 x 10^8
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Solution
Total cells = cell density × volume = 1 x 10^6 cells/mL × 100 mL = 1 x 10^8 cells.
Correct Answer:
C
— 1 x 10^7
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Q. If a car travels at a constant speed of 60 km/h, how far will it travel in 2 hours?
A.
120 km
B.
100 km
C.
150 km
D.
180 km
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Solution
Distance = Speed × Time = 60 km/h × 2 h = 120 km.
Correct Answer:
A
— 120 km
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Q. If an object is moving in a circular path with a radius of 10 m and completes one revolution in 20 seconds, what is its speed?
A.
3.14 m/s
B.
1.57 m/s
C.
6.28 m/s
D.
2.5 m/s
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Solution
Circumference = 2πr = 2π(10 m) = 62.83 m. Speed = distance/time = 62.83 m / 20 s = 3.14 m/s.
Correct Answer:
A
— 3.14 m/s
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Q. In a fermentation process, if the yield of product is 80 g from 1 kg of substrate, what is the yield percentage?
A.
5%
B.
8%
C.
80%
D.
800%
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Solution
Yield percentage = (yield of product / amount of substrate) × 100 = (80 g / 1000 g) × 100 = 8%.
Correct Answer:
C
— 80%
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Q. What is the chemical formula for sodium sulfate?
A.
NaSO4
B.
Na2SO4
C.
Na2S
D.
NaSO3
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Solution
The correct chemical formula for sodium sulfate is Na2SO4.
Correct Answer:
B
— Na2SO4
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Q. What is the main advantage of using yeast in biotechnology?
A.
High growth rate
B.
Ability to perform post-translational modifications
C.
Low cost of cultivation
D.
All of the above
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Solution
Yeast has a high growth rate, can perform post-translational modifications, and is relatively low cost to cultivate, making it advantageous in biotechnology.
Correct Answer:
D
— All of the above
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Q. What is the potential energy of a 2 kg object at a height of 5 m? (Use g = 9.8 m/s²)
A.
98 J
B.
19.6 J
C.
39.2 J
D.
49 J
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Solution
Potential energy PE = mgh = 2 kg × 9.8 m/s² × 5 m = 98 J.
Correct Answer:
A
— 98 J
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Q. What is the primary purpose of recombinant DNA technology in biotechnology?
A.
To create genetically modified organisms
B.
To clone animals
C.
To produce vaccines
D.
To sequence genomes
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Solution
Recombinant DNA technology is primarily used to create genetically modified organisms by combining DNA from different sources.
Correct Answer:
A
— To create genetically modified organisms
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Q. What is the role of CRISPR technology in biotechnology?
A.
Protein synthesis
B.
Gene editing
C.
Cell culture
D.
Fermentation
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Solution
CRISPR technology is primarily used for gene editing, allowing precise modifications to DNA.
Correct Answer:
B
— Gene editing
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Q. What process do cells use to divide and replicate?
A.
Meiosis
B.
Mitosis
C.
Fission
D.
Budding
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Solution
Mitosis is the process by which a cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells.
Correct Answer:
B
— Mitosis
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Q. Which of the following is a common method for gene transfer in plants?
A.
Microinjection
B.
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
C.
Electroporation
D.
Lipofection
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Solution
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is a widely used method for gene transfer in plants.
Correct Answer:
B
— Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
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Q. Which of the following is a component of the cell membrane?
A.
DNA
B.
RNA
C.
Phospholipids
D.
Proteins
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Solution
Phospholipids are a major component of the cell membrane, forming a bilayer that provides structure and protection.
Correct Answer:
C
— Phospholipids
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Q. Which of the following is NOT a method of DNA sequencing?
A.
Sanger sequencing
B.
Next-generation sequencing
C.
PCR amplification
D.
Nanopore sequencing
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Solution
PCR amplification is a method used to amplify DNA, not to sequence it.
Correct Answer:
C
— PCR amplification
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Q. Which structure contains the genetic material of a cell?
A.
Cytoplasm
B.
Nucleus
C.
Cell membrane
D.
Golgi apparatus
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Solution
The nucleus contains the genetic material (DNA) of a cell, which is essential for heredity and cellular function.
Correct Answer:
B
— Nucleus
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Q. Which type of cell lacks a nucleus?
A.
Eukaryotic cell
B.
Prokaryotic cell
C.
Stem cell
D.
Muscle cell
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Solution
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a defined nucleus containing their genetic material.
Correct Answer:
B
— Prokaryotic cell
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Q. Which vitamin is produced when the skin is exposed to sunlight?
A.
Vitamin A
B.
Vitamin B12
C.
Vitamin C
D.
Vitamin D
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Solution
Vitamin D is produced when the skin is exposed to sunlight.
Correct Answer:
D
— Vitamin D
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