Q. What is the basic unit of DNA structure?
-
A.
Nucleotide
-
B.
Amino acid
-
C.
Monosaccharide
-
D.
Fatty acid
Solution
A nucleotide, composed of a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base, is the basic unit of DNA structure.
Correct Answer:
A
— Nucleotide
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Q. What is the function of a promoter in gene expression?
-
A.
To terminate transcription
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B.
To initiate transcription
-
C.
To enhance translation
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D.
To splice RNA
Solution
A promoter is a DNA sequence that initiates transcription of a gene by providing a binding site for RNA polymerase.
Correct Answer:
B
— To initiate transcription
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Q. What is the role of ribosomes in gene expression?
-
A.
DNA replication
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B.
RNA synthesis
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C.
Protein synthesis
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D.
Gene regulation
Solution
Ribosomes are the cellular machinery that facilitate protein synthesis during translation.
Correct Answer:
C
— Protein synthesis
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Q. Which molecular technique is used to amplify DNA?
-
A.
Gel electrophoresis
-
B.
PCR
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C.
Cloning
-
D.
Sequencing
Solution
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a technique used to amplify specific DNA sequences.
Correct Answer:
B
— PCR
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Q. Which of the following is a component of RNA but not DNA?
-
A.
Thymine
-
B.
Uracil
-
C.
Deoxyribose
-
D.
Adenine
Solution
Uracil is a nitrogenous base found in RNA, whereas thymine is found in DNA.
Correct Answer:
B
— Uracil
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Q. Which of the following is NOT a type of RNA?
-
A.
mRNA
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B.
tRNA
-
C.
rRNA
-
D.
dRNA
Solution
dRNA is not a recognized type of RNA; the main types are mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA.
Correct Answer:
D
— dRNA
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Q. Which process involves the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template?
-
A.
Translation
-
B.
Replication
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C.
Transcription
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D.
Translocation
Solution
Transcription is the process by which RNA is synthesized from a DNA template.
Correct Answer:
C
— Transcription
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