Q. What is the function of restriction enzymes in biotechnology?
-
A.
To cut DNA at specific sequences
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B.
To ligate DNA fragments
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C.
To replicate DNA
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D.
To transcribe RNA
Solution
Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific sequences, which is crucial for cloning and genetic engineering.
Correct Answer:
A
— To cut DNA at specific sequences
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Q. What is the main goal of gene therapy?
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A.
To treat genetic disorders
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B.
To enhance athletic performance
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C.
To create vaccines
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D.
To produce insulin
Solution
The main goal of gene therapy is to treat genetic disorders by correcting or replacing defective genes.
Correct Answer:
A
— To treat genetic disorders
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Q. What is the purpose of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?
-
A.
To amplify DNA sequences
-
B.
To sequence RNA
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C.
To purify proteins
-
D.
To visualize chromosomes
Solution
PCR is used to amplify specific DNA sequences, making millions of copies of a target DNA segment.
Correct Answer:
A
— To amplify DNA sequences
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Q. What is the role of plasmids in genetic engineering?
-
A.
To serve as vectors for gene transfer
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B.
To provide energy to the cell
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C.
To synthesize proteins
-
D.
To degrade foreign DNA
Solution
Plasmids are used as vectors in genetic engineering to transfer genes into host cells.
Correct Answer:
A
— To serve as vectors for gene transfer
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Q. Which enzyme is essential for the process of DNA replication?
-
A.
DNA polymerase
-
B.
RNA polymerase
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C.
Ligase
-
D.
Restriction enzyme
Solution
DNA polymerase is essential for DNA replication as it synthesizes new DNA strands.
Correct Answer:
A
— DNA polymerase
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Q. Which of the following is a common application of monoclonal antibodies?
-
A.
Cancer treatment
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B.
Gene editing
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C.
DNA sequencing
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D.
Protein purification
Solution
Monoclonal antibodies are commonly used in cancer treatment to target specific cancer cells.
Correct Answer:
A
— Cancer treatment
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Q. Which of the following is a common method for introducing DNA into a host cell?
-
A.
Electroporation
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B.
Centrifugation
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C.
Filtration
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D.
Chromatography
Solution
Electroporation is a common method used to introduce DNA into host cells by applying an electric field.
Correct Answer:
A
— Electroporation
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Q. Which of the following is a key application of CRISPR technology?
-
A.
Gene editing
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B.
Protein synthesis
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C.
Cell culture
-
D.
Antibody production
Solution
CRISPR technology is primarily used for gene editing, allowing precise modifications to DNA.
Correct Answer:
A
— Gene editing
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Q. Which process is used to separate DNA fragments by size?
-
A.
Gel electrophoresis
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B.
PCR
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C.
Cloning
-
D.
Transcription
Solution
Gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA fragments based on their size.
Correct Answer:
A
— Gel electrophoresis
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