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In the nitration of benzene, which reagent is used to generate the nitronium ion

Practice Questions

Q1
In the nitration of benzene, which reagent is used to generate the nitronium ion?
  1. HNO3
  2. H2SO4
  3. HCl
  4. NaNO2

Questions & Step-by-Step Solutions

In the nitration of benzene, which reagent is used to generate the nitronium ion?
  • Step 1: Understand that nitration of benzene is a chemical reaction where a nitro group (NO2) is added to benzene.
  • Step 2: Identify the reagents needed for this reaction. The main reagents are concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3).
  • Step 3: Know that concentrated sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst in this reaction.
  • Step 4: Recognize that concentrated sulfuric acid helps to convert nitric acid into the nitronium ion (NO2+).
  • Step 5: The reaction that occurs is: HNO3 + H2SO4 → NO2+ + HSO4- + H2O.
  • Step 6: Conclude that the nitronium ion (NO2+) is generated from nitric acid (HNO3) using concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
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